Markets Retreat as Oil Surge, Yield Spike Rattle AI-Led Rally; SpaceX Sets IPO Date

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U.S. equities fell from records while crude topped $105 and 10-year Treasury yields approached 4.60%, as investors recalibrated Fed rate expectations under new leadership

U.S. stock markets pulled back sharply from record highs on Friday, May 15, as a surge in crude oil prices and a jump in Treasury yields reignited inflation concerns and undercut the artificial-intelligence-driven rally that had carried equities to successive highs. The S&P 500 fell 1.24%, the Dow Jones Industrial Average shed 537 points, and the Nasdaq Composite dropped 1.54% as investors rotated out of high-multiple technology names in response to deteriorating bond market dynamics. The retreat ended a two-week streak of record closes for the S&P 500 and Nasdaq and sent the CBOE Volatility Index (VIX) to its highest close since early February.

Oil was the primary catalyst. Brent crude topped $109 per barrel and West Texas Intermediate crossed above $105, with the Strait of Hormuz remaining effectively closed following escalating U.S.-Iran hostilities. President Donald Trump warned that patience with Iran was wearing thin, urging Tehran to strike a deal to reopen the critical shipping lane through which approximately 20% of global oil flows pass. The blockage has removed an estimated 14 million barrels per day from world markets since mid-April. Weekly gains for WTI exceeded 10% and for Brent nearly 8% — the sharpest weekly advance in months. Retail gasoline prices averaged $4.39 per gallon nationally, adding directly to consumer cost pressures at a time when core inflation remains well above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target.

Government bond markets across the United States, Europe, and Asia sold off in sympathy. The U.S. 10-year Treasury yield climbed to within reach of 4.60%, a one-year high, while Japan’s 30-year yield hit a record 4% and UK long-term yields surged to multi-decade highs amid domestic political instability. The yield spike reflected market repricing of Federal Reserve rate expectations: futures now imply roughly a 45% probability of at least one additional rate hike in 2026, up from just 1% a month ago, as investors brace for a potentially tighter policy stance under incoming Fed Chair Kevin Warsh. The Fed’s May meeting concluded with a divided 8-4 vote to hold the benchmark rate at 3.75%, the most split decision in recent memory, with two members dissenting in favor of an immediate hike and two others signaling support for future increases.

Semiconductor stocks led the decline, with Nvidia falling 4.4%, Intel dropping 6%, and Applied Materials retreating 5.7% as investors took profits ahead of the sector’s earnings season. The Philadelphia Semiconductor Index fell more than 4% on the session. Gold slipped to a more than one-week low as the stronger dollar and rising yields reduced the appeal of the non-yielding metal, while Bitcoin fell 2.89% to around $79,080.

In corporate developments, Elon Musk’s SpaceX accelerated its long-anticipated initial public offering, targeting a June 11 pricing on the Nasdaq with a market debut as early as June 12, according to sources familiar with the matter. The listing, at a reported valuation of $1.75 trillion, would rank among the largest in Wall Street history and marks the most significant unicorn IPO in years. The prospectus is expected to be filed publicly as early as next Wednesday, with a roadshow launch targeted for June 4.

Berkshire Hathaway disclosed a $2.6 billion stake in Delta Air Lines during the week, representing approximately 10% of the airline’s outstanding shares, and revealed it had sold approximately $8 billion of Chevron stock — a significant reduction of a long-held position. Separately, cryptocurrency exchange Kraken announced approximately 150 job cuts following an AI-driven efficiency drive, and delayed its own IPO timeline to late 2026 or early 2027 amid subdued digital asset market conditions.

In trade policy, U.S.-China negotiations concluded in Geneva without a breakthrough. President Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping agreed that the bilateral lane must remain open but announced no new agreements. Emerging market currencies — including the Egyptian pound, Brazilian real, Thai baht, and Korean won — came under renewed pressure as the stronger dollar compounded capital outflow pressures.

Markets enter the week with inflation data and corporate earnings in focus. The next Consumer Price Index reading and Nvidia’s earnings report — expected to move the stock by 8 to 10 percent — will be critical in determining whether the recent pullback is a correction within a broader bull market or the beginning of a more sustained shift in sentiment.